Uptake of Heavy Metals by Water Spinach from Sludge Amended Soils

Awangku Nabil Syafiq, Awangku Metosen (2009) Uptake of Heavy Metals by Water Spinach from Sludge Amended Soils. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Palm oil mill sludge is generated in great amount in Malaysia and being disposed off by land application. This study aimed to determine the uptake of heavy metals namely chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese and nickel by water spinach from sludge amended soils. Five different treatments were performed ranging from 0 % to 100%. The heavy metals were measured using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The yield of water spinach increased as the amount of sludge increased. The concentration of heavy metals also increased with the amount of sludge in water spinach. However, only cadmium, chromium, copper and zinc did not show any significant difference for the mean concentration between those five treatments (P>0.05). While manganese, iron and nickel showed significant differences (P<0.05). There was no toxicity symptoms observed on the water spinach. This may indicate the ability of water spinach to tolerate high heavy metals contents.

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