Population study of paphiopedilum stonei hook (Orchidaceae) from limestone areas of nonthern west of Sarawak

Mas Izzaty, Bte Mazlan (2012) Population study of paphiopedilum stonei hook (Orchidaceae) from limestone areas of nonthern west of Sarawak. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Limestone is very unique habitat; it is a place for many endemic plant species. Among them are Orchids, Begonias, Aroids, Gensneroids and many more. Orchidaceae is the second largest family after Poaceae in monocotyledon and it is one of the largest in the flowering plant kingdom, with recent estimates ranging from 20 000 to 35 000 species that grouped into five subfamilies. Orchids are not only important for their aesthetic value but also being used as ecological indicators. Paphiopedilum stonei Hook. also one of the most highly prized of all species in the genus because it is very rare and beautiful. This has made them vulnerable to habitat change and destruction. Although it is a protected species under the convention on International Trade in Endangered species (CITES), the treat from collectors remains a problem. The purposed of this documentation was to investigate the population of P. stonei in three selected areas at Bau, Padawan and Serian. There was very little study on the density of P. stonei at the limestone habitat because the population of slipper orchid was decreasing due the over collected by orchid hunters. This study involved field works and laboratory works. A total of fourty - five sub plots had been set up in three studies sites with 10 m x 10 m each Bau has the highest number of P. stonei with 63 individuals of 48.1% from the total number recorded. Followed by Padawan and Serian with 39 and 29 individuals. The comparison of population P. stonei between the three selected areas that had been analysed by using ANOVA had been produced and concluded that mean number of P. stonei occurred in the three study areas and was of significant difference (P = 0.002). All the dried sample have prepared for the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) studies used the model JSM 6390LA in the FRST laboratory. The leaves samples of 3 species of Paphiopedilum were examined. The stomata for P. stonei, P. bullenianum Rchb. f and P. hookerae Rchb. f had been identified using scanning electron microscope (SEM).The SEM images have been observed and analyzed. Three types of stomata were observed; Desmocytic, Pericytic and Cyclocytic. This characteristic could be used to differentiate the three species and provide new taxonomic information which has not been reported before.

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