Antifungal activities of dichloromethane and methanol extracts from eusideroxylon zwageri and potoxylon melangangai heartwood

Sim, Shiang Ping (2012) Antifungal activities of dichloromethane and methanol extracts from eusideroxylon zwageri and potoxylon melangangai heartwood. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Durability and strength of wood are important in construction industry. Natural durability of Eusideroxylon zwageri and Potoxylon melagangai are known to be very high. One of the reasons for high wood durability is the presence of extractives. The objectives of this study were firstly to determine the amount of dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) crude extracts from E. zwageri and P. melagangai, secondly to identify the chemical constituents of DCM and MeOH extracts and thirdly to assess antifungal activity of DCM and MeOH extracts. Sequential solvent extraction by using DCM and MeOH were carried out. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques were used to identify and characterize the chemical constituents and compositions of DCM and MeOH crude extract fractions from E. zwageri and P. melagangai. The antifungal activities were determined in dichloromethane and methanol extracts using agar dilution method. The total DCM extract from E. zwageri and P. melagangai was 0.61% and 3.30%, respectively. MeOH crude extracts from E. zwageri and P. melagangai were 8.37% and 4.81%, respectively. For DCM crude extract of E. zwageri, the major compound identified were 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-[(1E)-1propenyl] benzene (50.23%), 4-methoxy-6-(2-propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole (30.59%), -panasinsen (21.35%) and cadina-3,9-diene (20.41%). The major compound in DCM crude extract of P. melagangai are cadalene (28.30%), n-dotriacontane (28.24%). The most frequent compound in E. zwageri and P. melagangai was - muurolene, heneicosane and tetratetracontane. The major compounds identified in MeOH crude extract from E. zwageri were tetratetracontane (40.06%), eicosane (10.28%), isoelemicin (33.37%), methyl elaidate (17.76%) and heneicosane (5.61%). For MeOH crude extract from P. melagangai, the major compounds were diisooctyl phthalate (37.07%) and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (71.23%). Both MeOH and DCM crude extract from E. zwageri and P. melagangai were toxic to Trametes versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Chaetomium globosum. Hexanedeconic acids, 2-4-di-ter-butylphenol, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadeconate, -muurolene, -cadinol and myristicin might be responsible to the antifungal activities in E. zwageri and P. melagangai extractives.

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