Paper‑based colorimetric sensor based on graphene oxide/ platinum‑gold nanocomposites for simultaneous detection of Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺

Yanping, Qu and Ibrahim, Yakub and Rubiyah, Baini and Yanqiu, Qu and Hongcui, Li and Lin, Lin and Yuchang, Wang and Shenxue, Wang and Mohamad Hardyman, Barawi and Xiaoyan, Ma (2025) Paper‑based colorimetric sensor based on graphene oxide/ platinum‑gold nanocomposites for simultaneous detection of Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺. Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society. pp. 1-16. ISSN 1735-2428

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Abstract

The presence of Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺ ions in the environment represents a considerable risk to both human health and ecological systems. Current detection methodologies are typically characterized by their complexity, protracted duration, and inability to simultaneously identify these ions. This study introduces an innovative paper-based colorimetric sensor that employs graphene oxide/platinum-coated gold nanoparticles (GO/Pt@AuNPs) composites, marking the frst instance of achieving simultaneous, rapid, low-cost, and visually quantifable detection of Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺. The sensor capitalizes on the peroxidaselike activity of GO/Pt@AuNPs to facilitate the oxidation of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting in the production of a blue chromophore. The catalytic activity is selectively inhibited by Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺ ions, which leads to a decrease in color intensity that is directly proportional to the concentration of the ions. For quantitative analysis, Hg2 ⁺ was selectively masked using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Experimental fndings have indicated detection limits of 0.05 μM for Hg2 ⁺ and 2.5 μM for Ag⁺, with a detection time of merely 1 min. This method is distinguished by its high selectivity, portability, and capability for naked-eye quantifcation, rendering it particularly suitable for the rapid on-site detection of Hg2 ⁺ and Ag⁺ in environmental water, food, and biological samples. This is an efective approach for monitoring pollutants in settings with limited resources.

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