Isolation and characterization of crude petroleum degrading fungi

Ho, Jennifer Chin Chin (2008) Isolation and characterization of crude petroleum degrading fungi. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Eight fungal isolates were successfully isolated from the crude petroleum-contaminated sediment soil sample. All of the isolates show activities for hydrocarbon degradation. After morphological and molecular Identification, 4 of them were found to be Aspergillus species, while another 4 belongs to Penicillium species. ITS 4 and ITS 5 Were the primers used in the molecular analysis of all the fungal isolates. The size of PCR products for all species was approximately 600bp.All strains were then cultivated in liquid minimal salt media with 1% crude petroleum as sole carbon source for one month. The fungal isolates were tested for their lignolytic enzyme secretion based on lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase production. The enzymatic analysis was done every 5 days of the Incubation. After 30 days of incubations, Aspergillus versicolor was found to secrete the highest level of manganese peroxidase among the eight isolates cultures, while penicillium Citrinum secreted the highest level of lignin peroxidase. All fungal isolates secretes low level of laccase enzyme. Aspergillus versicolor was found to perform the highest activity in trial biodegradation, compared to the other selected isolates. The detailed chemical Composition of the residual oil in Aspergillus versicolor was studied by gravimetric analysis. Difference in the weight of the residual oil before and after the trial biodegration show that there was degrading activities by Aspergillus versicolor. Maximum degradation was observed on the saturated hydrocarbon whereas aromatic compound degradation was lower, and this is due to the structural composition of the molecules as well as the fungal strain adaptability in degrading different complex compounds.

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