Neurotoxicity of aluminium chloride and okadaic acid in zebrafish: Unravelling Alzheimer's disease model via learning and memory function evaluation

Siti Zaleha, Raduan and Qamar Uddin, Ahmed and Muhammad Rusdi, Ahmad Rusmili and Awis Sukarne, Mohmad Sabere and Muhammad Salahuddin, Haris and Mohmad Farooq, Shaikh and Wan Azizi, Wan Sulaiman and Muhammad Hamdi, Mahmood (2024) Neurotoxicity of aluminium chloride and okadaic acid in zebrafish: Unravelling Alzheimer's disease model via learning and memory function evaluation. Neurology Perspectives, 5 (1). pp. 1-10. ISSN 2667-0496

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Abstract

Introduction/objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by a progressive decline in cognitive abilities, especially learning and memory. To validate the zebrafish as a suitable model organism for AD, the study examined the effects of 2 neurotoxin agents, aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and okadaic acid (OKA). In the full experimental design, both neurotoxins were administered intraperitoneally at 3 distinct doses (low, medium, and high) twice weekly for 21 days. At 3 time-points, behavioural tasks were conducted on day 7 (short duration), day 14 (moderate duration), and day 21 (long duration). The behavioural tasks consisted of a novel tank test lasting 6 min, followed by a T-maze tank test lasting 5 min. Methods: In this article, the T-maze tank test was discussed in detail to evaluate which neurotoxins and their optimal dosages are impactful in developing a zebrafish AD model towards learning and memory functions. This evaluation measured four parameters: the amount of time spent in the wrong arm, the total distance travelled in the deeper chamber, and the 3-h and 24-h inflexion ratios.

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