Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Maximum Power Point Tracking Featuring Predictive Voltage Control

Mohd. Akhimullah, Kasim Selamat (2023) Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Maximum Power Point Tracking Featuring Predictive Voltage Control. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Concerns about climate change and the finite supply of fossil fuels have increased interest in renewable energy during the last few years. Renewable energy has the potential to offer a stable, cost-effective source of power for homes and businesses, in addition to being environmentally friendly. Fuel cells have lately gained interest as a potential renewable energy source due to their low environmental impact. Fuel cells provide various benefits over conventional combustion-based systems, including high efficiency, minimal emissions, and silent operation. In this project, a PEMFC was chosen because it has interesting features and very efficient since it can operate at low temperatures, which makes them good for a wide range of uses, such as in portable devices, vehicles, and stationary power systems. In general, the output characteristics of fuel cells are nonlinear and influenced by parameters such as the cell temperature, oxygen partial pressure, hydrogen partial pressure, and membrane water content. Thus, there are several techniques to determine the maximum power of the fuel cell by using MPPT method such as P&O, INC, FLC and PSO. This project involves research on the general concept of PEMFC and the fundamentals of model predictive control. A PEMFC system with model predictive control is introduced in this research. In this project, a DC-DC boost converter is utilised to manage the output voltage of the fuel cell in order to extract the maximum output power. Then, a DC-AC converter is utilised to transform the output voltage from the boost converter into an AC waveform by using voltage source inverter. Both of the power converter system will be controlled by using the MPC whereby the switching state for the boost converter and voltage source inverter is based on the predictive approach. Hence, this project's goal is to demonstrate the power characteristics retrieved from the PEMFC system utilising predictive control and to regulate the voltage based on the standard of electrical appliances to ensure safety and reliable operation.

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