Isolation and Characterisation of Endophytic Fungi from Alpinia galanga Rhizome

Nur Syahsyaria, Mohamad Ata (2022) Isolation and Characterisation of Endophytic Fungi from Alpinia galanga Rhizome. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Two endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy Alpinia galanga rhizome that was collected from a farmhouse and identified genotypically. The samples were taken from the outer skin-part and inner part of the rhizomes for isolation, and Potato Dextrose Agar was used for isolation and constant subculturing. All endophytic fungi isolates were inoculated into 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 ml Potato Dextrose Broth, fermented for eight days, and incubated at room temperature with continuous shaking at 140 rpm. After fermentation, the fungi cultures were extracted with ethyl acetate and dried to obtain extract from both fungal biomass and supernatant. A total of 16.6 mg/mL and 7.0 mg/mL concentrations of extracted compounds from Trichoderma virens for biomass and supernatant were obtained. Meanwhile, 19.2 mg/mL and 14.2 mg/mL of concentration of extracted compounds from Trichoderma harzianum for biomass and supernatant were obtained. The extracts were then evaluated for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. T. virens has shown MIC at its lowest concentration of 1.75 mg/mL against both E. coli and S. aureus. MBC was carried out to determine the percent of extracted secondary metabolites of the fungal species that were necessary to kill the bacteria. In this study, 3.50 mg/mL of the extracted secondary metabolite compounds of the fungal species killed the bacteria, which indicates the minimal bactericidal concentration. Further identification of the bioactive compounds of Trichoderma species should be conducted due to their biological properties that benefit medical application and commercialized products.

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