Antibacterial Activity of Endophyte Marasmius cladophyllus UMAS MS8

Dayang Nur Amira, Abang Halim Badar Sham (2022) Antibacterial Activity of Endophyte Marasmius cladophyllus UMAS MS8. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The antibacterial activity of Marasmius cladophyllus was evaluated with different species of bacteria which consists of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria. Different solvents; ethyl acetate and ethanol, were used to extract the bioactive compounds from supernatant and fungal biomass. Extracts from the two solvents showed different antimicrobial. Disc diffusion assay method was used to screen the antibacterial activity of M. cladophyllus against Esherichia coli and Staphyloccoccus aureus. Supernatant and fungal biomass that were extracted with ethyl acetate did not show any inhibition zone while both of the samples that were extracted with ethanol did show the inhibition zone. Once done, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were done in order to know the concentration of the fungal extract that can inhibit the bacterial growth and kill the bacteria, respectively. Broth microdilution method was used for MIC using microtiter plate. As a results, 14.55 mg/mL (fungal biomass) and 119.70 mg/mL (supernatant) were found to be the exact concentration of MIC for both samples of ethyl acetate extraction while 7.275 mg/mL (fungal biomass) and 59.85 mg/mL (supernatant) were the best for ethanol extraction to inhibit the bacterial growth. MBC was determined by observing the presence of the bacterial growth on the nutrient agar. The concentration that can kill both of the bacterial species or MBC was 14.55 mg/mL for fungal biomass and 119.70 mg/mL for supernatant of ethyl acetate extraction meanwhile for ethanol extraction supernatant and fungal biomass required 29.10 mg/mL and 239.40 mg/mL, respectively. Besides that, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) was performed to identify the active compounds present in the fungal extract. The major constituents found in the fungal is hexadecanoic acid (16.68% to 23.46%), octadecenoic acid (2.22% to 13.05%) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (0.39% to 10.96%). In conclusion, fungal extract from M. cladophyllus has the antimicrobial properties as it showed the antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

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