Palm Sap As An Alternative Substrate For Bioethanol Production

Anis Jasmin, Azimin (2022) Palm Sap As An Alternative Substrate For Bioethanol Production. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Palm sap is a promising commercial fermentation substrate for bioethanol production since it contains free sugar content without requiring any pre-treatment, readily available and abundant. However, to have a place in this competitive industry, palm sap must be of high concentration of fermentable sugar to be used as a raw material in bioethanol industrial applications. In this study, nipa sap and sago fond sap are used to study the potential of palm sap as a raw material to produce bioethanol. Analysis of starch and sugar content in both saps was done to determine if they were suitable for fermentation. It was found that nipa sap and sago frond sap is high in sugar which are 66.87 g/L and 19.16 g/L respectively. On the other hand, available starch found in sago frond sap was also converted to sugar through enzymatic hydrolysis. Both saps were further used as fermentation media for bioethanol production using commercial baker’s yeast and undergoes fermentation for 24 hours. The ethanol concentration produced in both saps was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Based on the result of this study, the ethanol produced from nipa sap and sago frond sap were 2.50 g/L and 6.64 g/L respectively. Both palm sap has high fermentable sugar which is a suitable fermentation substrate as it is renewable and can be obtained easily.

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