WATER BOLUS MODIFICATION FOR REDUCING UNWANTED HOT SPOTS FOR BREAST HYPERTHERMIA CANCER PROCEDURE

NURUL SYAMIMI HANIM BINTI NORAINI, - (2022) WATER BOLUS MODIFICATION FOR REDUCING UNWANTED HOT SPOTS FOR BREAST HYPERTHERMIA CANCER PROCEDURE. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Hyperthermia Treatment Procedure (HTP) is a method that raises the temperature between 410 -460C, which then denaturate cancer tissue into necrotic tissue. However, due to the poor penetration depth and difficulty in controlling focus position distance to the treated tissue, the HTP success rate is still low. In conjunction with that, many kinds of research are conducted in order to overcome the matters involved with penetration depth and focus position distance. HTP has fewer side effects, but since HTP utilizes high heat in its procedure towards the treated cancer tissue, it may lead to massive skin burn problems. Therefore, in this research, a modified water bolus is developed in order to provide a cooling environment during HTP execution. Nevertheless, the addition of the water bolus, it may reshape the focus position distance. Hence, a modification of water bolus is significant in ensuring not only reducing the skin burn problem, at the same time, the penetration depth and focus position distance on the treated tissue can be fully provided with a minimal area of unwanted hot spots at surrounding healthy tissue. SEMCAD X is used to model a breast phantom, which consists of breast fat and breast cancer. It is also used to model the microstrip antenna that is used as an HTP applicator and to model the water bolus. Then, the simulation to attain the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is also carried out by using SEMCAD X. The SAR represented the penetration depth and focus position distance on the treated tissue. Based on the simulation results, adding the rectangular water bolus with distilled has presented the best penetration depth and focus position distance towards the treated tissue. Furthermore, the unwanted hot spots in surrounding healthy tissue also have been reduced. However, there are some recommendations that need to take into account, especially in providing more investigation in terms of water bolus cover materials, other coolant fluids and water bolus hardware fabrication to further observe the impact of adding the water bolus to the treatment procedure.

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