Development of Biomass Derivatives Nanocarbon and its Composite for Removal of The Heavy Metal

Alysshandra Alyssha Edthon anak Joseph Chom, - (2022) Development of Biomass Derivatives Nanocarbon and its Composite for Removal of The Heavy Metal. [Final Year Project Report] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Heavy metal contamination is a severe issue and potential harm to the ecosystem. There are numerals of reports on the utilization of activated carbon/nanocarbon as adsorbents of heavy metals. Biomass such as sawdust as a precursor is used to synthesize activated carbon which is developed into nano-activated carbon (NAC). It is studied that activated carbons have been globally recognized as the oldest, widely used, and most popular adsorbent. Meanwhile, nanoparticles are used to remove the heavy metal pollutants and it is called new generation nano-adsorbents. Besides, the effective nanocomposites consisting of metal oxides, carbon, and polymers are also created as promising adsorbents for the sake of wastewater treatment and prevention of pollution. Therefore, this research is carried out to study the characterization and effectiveness of nanocarbon and its composites as an adsorbent for heavy metal removal. To conclude, the experimental procedures of the development of nanocarbon through a ball-milling process using Planetary Ball Mill (PM 400), and the composites is developed used solution mixing. The findings from this project may contribute to the advancement of activated carbon as nanocarbon composites in order to enhance its role as heavy metal adsorbents, which can aid in the efficacy of heavy metal contamination treatment. The nano-activated carbon and its composites with PLA/TiO2 were successfully characterized using BET, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and TGA. Lastly, the analysis of the performance of nanocarbon composites as adsorbents in the adsorption of heavy metals in POME is analysed by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and it is found that composite with the highest content of NAC has a better adsorption capability.

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