Agricultural Wastes/Sago Waste Biofertilization of Mushroom Plantation

Ain Zaienah Sueraya, - (2022) Agricultural Wastes/Sago Waste Biofertilization of Mushroom Plantation. [Final Year Project Report] (Submitted)

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Abstract

Agricultural wastes which are defined as unwanted waste that is produced from agricultural activities can be converted to a useful resource which is by mushroom cultivation. Paddy straw (PS) and saw dust (SD) is one of the agricultural wastes that are abundant and readily available where both of the agricultural wastes are combined with sago waste (SW) binder at a fixed ratio to determine the optimum ratio of agricultural wastes/sago waste biofertilizer. This study focuses on recycling the agricultural wastes in order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by improper disposal of biomass. The methods used in this project includes, sterilizing, drying, grinding, and mixing of substrates for the preparation of mushroom plantation. This study focuses on the performance of agricultural wastes/sago waste biofertilizer on two different types of mushroom species which are grey oyster mushroom and white oyster mushroom. There are many factors that affect the mushroom cultivation process such as moisture content, and pH value where this study also analyses these properties to determine the best ratio of agricultural wastes/sago waste biofertilizer. The study also conducts characterization of the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and fresh mushroom substrate (FMS) which consists of TGA analysis, SEM-EDS analysis, and FTIR-ATR analysis. After the analysis is done, it is determined that the optimum ratio for agricultural wastes/sago waste biofertilizer is 70% paddy straw and 30% sago waste followed by 50% paddy straw and 50% sago waste. The results also show that the sago waste is able to perform well as a binder at an optimum composition as excess sago waste will disrupt the mycelium growth of the substrates. Lastly, based on the results that have been analysed, it is determined that the agricultural wastes/sago waste biofertilizer performs better on grey oyster mushroom compared to white oyster mushroom.

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