PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS (EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH) BY USING IONIC LIQUIDS AS SOLVENTS

FIOUNA, DOK WAN (2013) PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS (EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH) BY USING IONIC LIQUIDS AS SOLVENTS. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

At this age, energy and environmental issues have been major issues that are faced by the community globally. The current fossil-fuel based energy will not be enough to sustain the needs of the society and it has been a major contributor of pollution. Thus, alternative sources of energy especially the renewable sources are started to be utilised. Among the sources that could replace fossil fuels is lignocellulosic biomass, which could be found in abundant from forestry, agriculture and municipal sources. Malaysia is one of the countries that produce large amount of biomass waste, and one of them is Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB). EFB could be a good source for bioenergy production. However, the lignocellulosic structure of the EFB has been a great obstacle before the saccharification of the biomass could be done. The presence of hemicelluloses and lignin has made it hard for the solubilisation of cellulose to occur. Therefore, pretreatment should be conducted to dissolve the cellulose structure in the EFB. This research study aims to identify the ability of three types of Ionic Liquids namely, l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride ([BMIM]CI), I -ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate ([EMIM]OAc) and I -ethyl-3methylimidazolium Diethyl Phosphate ([EMIM]DEP) to dissolve the components of lignocellulosic biomass, which is the EFB through a process called pretreatment. The study was perfonned at temperatures below 100 °C and time, t = 6 hours and 10 hours. The analyses of the EFB were done by using Fourier Transfonn Infrared Spectroscopy and Thennogravimetric Analyzer.

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