Curcumin Loaded Amino-Starch Nanoparticles as a Controlled Release Antimicrobial Agent

Lionel Victor, Kemin (2021) Curcumin Loaded Amino-Starch Nanoparticles as a Controlled Release Antimicrobial Agent. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.

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Abstract

Native starch is well known to be cheap, non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable biopolymer. In Malaysia, starch industries had been one of the important revenues, comprising native sago starch trading that are well established. Therefore, apart from being as a choice of staple food, starch could also potentially be utilized as an alternative source of materials. In accordance with that, increase in human population had cause depletion of unrenewable natural resources which made mankind turning their focuses on alternative resource such as starch. In recent years, biomedical industries also in need of versatile material which could be easily moulded according to the desired applications. This make native starch as a suitable candidate in being an alternative material that suited biomedical field. However, despite being highly feasible, native starch lacked in its functionalities, which require proper modification and fabrication before it is suitable to be utilized. Therefore, in this study sago starch was modified by etherification and then fabricated by nanoprecipitation process, which formed amino-starch nanoparticles with particles size of 163 nm. Potential application of the prepared nanoparticles as controlled release nanocarrier of curcumin then were evaluated. Enhanced curcumin loading capacity of 0.76 mg.mg-1, as well as slow release of the turmeric derivatives over a period of 12 h were observed. The prepared nanomaterial was further tested for its antimicrobial properties. When tested against bacterial strain the curcumin loaded amino-starch nanoparticles showed inhibiting properties on both gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli) and gram-positive bacteria (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Antifungal study also exhibits supressing action of the loaded nanoparticles when tested against fungal strain of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. In short, not only the functionality of the modified starch improved, the prepared amino-starch nanoparticles also showed high potential as a controlled release nanocarrier of curcumin and concurrently exhibit antimicrobial properties.

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