A Study on Serum Leptin Levels and Lipid Profile in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Ibrahim, Bujang (2021) A Study on Serum Leptin Levels and Lipid Profile in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders involving the heart and its related blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases CVD is now a common cause of global mortality and largely contributed to the disease-related disabilities which poses a major impact on the costs of treatment and healthcare in most countries. Since the last decade, cardiovascular diseases have accounted for 31% of deaths worldwide and the single largest contributor to the global mortality. Leptin, has been shown to play important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of leptin and the long term outcomes of CVD patients is rarely being reported. This research aimed to determine the serum leptin levels and lipid profiles among patients with stable coronary artery disease. In this study, 100 participants were recruited from the pool of patients attending the Cardiac Clinic at the Sarawak Heart Centre (PJS) from the year 2015 till 2016. The serum leptin levels were determined by using ELISA method, whereas the lipid profile level were determined by using the blood biochemistry analyser Beckman Coulter AU680. Results showed a positive correlation between lipid profile parameter and serum leptin levels in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). However only one parameter of the lipid profile, which is the triglyceride level shows positive correlation with correlation coefficient, r:0.318 and p value <0.005. The strength of linear relationship increased in the correlation of serum leptin level and triglyceride level among the non-diabetic stable CAD patients (r = 0.439, p <0.001). Serum leptin levels correlate well with the body mass index of the stable CAD patients involved in the study (<0.001). Positive correlation between serum leptin levels and BMI also seen among non-diabetic groups (<0.001). Based on these findings, a combo test including drugs lower lipid levels and drugs lower leptin level might potentially useful to treat and manage coronary artery disease patients. Therefore, a future study is required to test this intervention and hopefully this can bring a new insights regarding the role of these biomarkers in cardiovascular disease research, testing and its clinical management.

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