Secondary xylem maturation evaluated by modeling radial variations in anatomical characteristics and wood properties of Shorea macrophylla (De Vr.) Ashton planted in Sarawak, Malaysia

Ikumi, Nezu and Futoshi, Ishiguri and Haruna, Aiso and Yuichiro, Hiraoka and Mohd Effendi, Bin Wasli and Tatsuhiro, Ohkubo and Jyunichi, Ohshima and Shinso, Yokota (2021) Secondary xylem maturation evaluated by modeling radial variations in anatomical characteristics and wood properties of Shorea macrophylla (De Vr.) Ashton planted in Sarawak, Malaysia. Trees (2021). pp. 1-10. ISSN 1432-2285

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Abstract

Radial variations in anatomical characteristics and wood properties were investigated in 23-year-old Shorea macrophylla (engkabang) trees planted in Sarawak, Malaysia. The efects of radial growth rates on anatomical characteristics and wood properties and the manner of xylem maturation were determined based on selected mixed-efects models. The best models of radial variation were ftted by linear functions for wood fber length, wood fber wall thickness, basic density, and compressive strength. Logarithmic functions were applied for vessel element length and vessel frequency, and quadratic functions were applied for vessel diameter and wood fber diameter. Vessel diameter and wood fber length were afected by radial growth rates although these efects on the other properties were minimal. In the fxed part of the models, the results showed small mean absolute error values of radial variation in relation to the distance from the pith according to vessel frequency and vessel diameter. In contrast, in relation to the estimated cambial age, smaller mean absolute error values were obtained for cell length, wood fber traits, and basic density, suggesting that all properties varied from pith to bark in relation to the cambial age, except for vessel traits. Thus, in S. macrophylla, xylem maturation in cell length, wood fber traits, and basic density were due to cambial age rather than diameter growth, but xylem maturation in vessel traits depended on diameter growth.

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