ENGINEERING DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BIOFILTRATION AS TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC GREYWATER

PRESCILLA, NICHOLAS (2020) ENGINEERING DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BIOFILTRATION AS TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC GREYWATER. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The untreated residential greywater discharge to water bodies may cause water pollution that impacts the water quality and creates a significant risk to human health and destroys aquatic life. On the other hand, utilized and disposed of agricultural waste increased by threefold yearly causing several environmental problems. Therefore, a biofiltration system that uses organic packing media can provide effective solutions to overcome crucial water pollution problems and increasing unutilized agriculture waste. This study aims to develop a portable and easily installed biofiltration system for domestic greywater treatment that utilizes areca nut husk and corn husk as natural filter media. In this study, samplings done in Kota Samarahan residential area. Modification is done on both corn husk and areca nut husk by converting both into areca nut husk activated carbon (ANHAC) and corn husk activated carbon (CHAC) respectively. Also, the system arrangement was modified from single-pass (SP) to lead-lag (LL) arrangement to study the effect of arrangement on removal rate. Results assessed in terms of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) removal, and pH with Standard A and B, Environment Quality Act 1974. Results show that biofiltration can significantly remove greywater pollutants. ANHAC with LL arrangement and corn husk with both SP and LL arrangement abide by all the Standard B requirements whilst, CHAC with SP and LL arrangement both abide by the Standard A and Standard B requirements. Corn husk is a better media than areca nut husk with an efficiency of 83%, 52%, 69%, and 51% in BOD5, COD, TSS, and turbidity removal respectively. From the list of various biofiltration treatment systems, CHAC with LL arrangement has the best potential to achieve target-specific treatment with efficient removal of 93%, 79%, 93%, and 91% for BOD5, COD, TSS, and turbidity respectively. It is recommended that the greywater must be treated routinely and properly before discharge into the river. Therefore, each household should implement this biofilter as it is portable, cost-effective, user-friendly, environmentally friendly, and reliable to filter greywater.

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