Physicochemical Properties and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Seed Oils of Shorea macrophylla and S. palembanica.

Sahlinah, Abdul Rakman (2019) Physicochemical Properties and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Seed Oils of Shorea macrophylla and S. palembanica. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Seed oils from several Shorea species are known to have potentials to be used in food and pharmaceutical manufacturing industries. Studies in determining the proximate composition, nutritional, anti-nutritional factors and fatty acid profile of seed oils are essential to know the nutraceutical values of the seeds. This study was carried out to determine the proximate composition., nutritional, anti-nutritional factors and fatty acid composition of seed oils ini Shorea macrophylla and S. palembanica from Sarawak. The effieciency of Piteba oil expeller and Soxhlet extractor to isolate oils from the seeds has been compared. The oil was subjected to derivatisation and then analysed on gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). The moisture and ash content of Shorea seeds were ranged 27.77% to 50.44% and 11.50% to 48.56%, respectively. Oxidative stability of the oils based on the free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV) and iodine value (IV) are found highest in S. macrophylla oils that were extracted by Soxhlet extraction method. Evaluation of anti-nutritive factors such as oxalate, phytate and saponin are found highest in S. Palembanica compared to S. macrophylla. The percentage of saturated fatty acid acid composition in S. macrophylla seed oil extracted from expeller and Soxhlet extraction were 7.67% and 66.38%, respectively, the monounsaturated fatty acid contents were 38.98% and 5.53% and 53.32% and 28.09% of polyunsaturated fatty acid respectively. Fatty acid profile from S. palembanica seed oils that were extracted from expeller and Soxhlet extraction methods are found to be 9.24% and 72.11% of saturated fatty acid, 50.83% and 21.50% of monounsaturated fatty acid and 39.93% and 6.39% of polyunsaturated fatty acid.

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