Community-Based Natural Resource Management: The Case Study of Tagang System in Ulu Engkari and Tringgus, Sarawak

Eva Kristin, Larry Sait (2020) Community-Based Natural Resource Management: The Case Study of Tagang System in Ulu Engkari and Tringgus, Sarawak. PhD thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).

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Abstract

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in collaborative or community-based resource management in place of top-down approach to management of natural resources. Community-based natural resource management has been implemented in many places globally, with varying results although it shows an effectiveness overall. This study aims to investigate the potential sustainability of existing co-management conservation practices in Sarawak by looking into the tagang system implemented in two different rivers in Sarawak, Sungai Engkari in Lubok Antu and Sungai Pedie, Tringgus, Bau. This study looks into the aspect of social capital in these two communities and demonstrates its importance when it comes to the sustainability of a community-based natural resource management project. This study also looks into the drivers and motivational factors of the communities’ involvement in community-based resource management practices. The indigenous communities in Ulu Engkari and Tringgus still rely on the availability of natural resources in their daily life. As the communities are closely related to their natural environment, changes in the environment will affect their livelihood strategies, thus their indigenous knowledge revolves around the utilisation and management of the natural resources that surround them. Long-term sustainable resource management is made possible with a collaborative effort between local communities and government agencies, with clearly defined roles in order to achieve a balanced relationship among those involved. Government agencies play a key role in assisting the communities by providing material assistance and training. The horizontal relationship among members of the community is also important as it instils as sense of responsibility towards each member of the community as well as a shared ownership of the resources. This study has shown that the various types of social capital available plays an important role in community-based natural resource management endeavours in Ulu Engkari iii and Tringgus as it encourages cooperation and collective action. The role of social capital should be given consideration in policy-making and strategies regarding natural resource management practices in Sarawak.

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