Removal of residual oil from palm oil mill effluent (pome) by using non-ionic surfactant brij 58

Sazariema Fateen, Jaraiee (2014) Removal of residual oil from palm oil mill effluent (pome) by using non-ionic surfactant brij 58. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) must be treated properly before being discharged into rivers. Palm oil industries have captured much negative attention in recent years because of the many environmental problems related with palm oil production. In this study, non-ionic surfactant Brij 58 is being used in order to remove residual oil in POME. Surfactants have excellent emulsifying properties which surfactant molecules in aqueous solution can emulsify oil by solubilisation. Parameters studied were temperature, mixing time and toxicity test. Based on the results, the optimum conditions for the removal oil in POME are when the temperature is at 80 0 C and mixing time is 30 minutes. The amount of oil removed under optimum conditions was 0.107 g. The results also showed that the treated POME with surfactant has no toxic effect to aquatic life based on toxicity test. The toxicity test showed that for the first 24-hours, all Artemia salina at different concentrations of surfactant were still alive. The bonding in extracted oil was analyzed and confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FrIR). The peak intensity decreased could be noticed at C=O stretch and changes at O-H stretch bonding in Fr-IR spectra. POME that has been treated by surfactant will be discharged into rivers and surfactant will be biodegraded by bacteria in rivers. In this study, the experimental results showed that non-ionic surfactant Brij 58 was successfully undergoing degradation by marine bacteria, Bacillus subtilis.

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