Tissue and cell culture of Aquilaria Microcarpa baill. For possible in vitro production of Gaharu.

Zul Helmey, Mohammad Sabdin (2010) Tissue and cell culture of Aquilaria Microcarpa baill. For possible in vitro production of Gaharu. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Aquilaria microcarpa Bail I., commonly known as Karas is one of the plant species that can produce gaharu. Gaharu is a resin which is an important fragrant used for incense, traditional medicine and other products. At present, gaharu is collected from plant in natural forest. In this study, attempts were done to produce gaharu artificially using in vitro technique. Works were carried out to induce callus formation from lamina, rachis, petiolule, shoot and cotyledon explants. Pre-sampling treatment was done using 0.3% benomyl to reduce contaminant source at field. Surface sterilization with Clorox at 10 and 15% for 10 and 15 minutes was shown the best to produced higher axenic explants. Seventy five percent of the lamina explants formed callus were recorded after six weeks cultured on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D. Shoot explant also produced 75% callus formation when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L alone and combination with 0.5 mg/L BAP. Sixty three percent and 81% for rachis and petiolule explants formed callus when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D. While cotyledon explant formed callus were 81% and 75% when cultured on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D alone and combination with 0.5 mg/L BAP. The callus culture was inoculated with suspension spores of Fusarium to induce production of resin. Black to brown colour was formed in callus cell after two weeks inoculated. Suspension callus inoculated with both types of fungi isolates also produced sweet smell,

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