Wing Pattern Elements of the Bornean Nymphalid Butterflies (Rhopalocera: Nymphalidae)

Muhamad Khairul Hafizul, Mohamed (2017) Wing Pattern Elements of the Bornean Nymphalid Butterflies (Rhopalocera: Nymphalidae). [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The beauty of the intense chromatic displays of butterflies has greatly influenced interest of many researchers. Wing configuration and colouration are important for the survival of a butterfly and as a mechanism for visual communication including camouflage, mimicry, thermoregulation, sexual and warning signalling. This study aimed at analysing and.comparing two wing pattern elements of the nymphalid butterflies of Borneo, which are wing configuration and colouration. Seventy-two individual specimens representing five subfamilies and ten tribes of the family Nymphalidae were obtained and examined in this study. All the specimens were photographed and illustrated to qualitatively observe the wing configuration as well as colouration across the five subfamilies. The wing configuration is described and the colour schemes is presented to show the relatedness between each of the subfamily. The wing shape and colouration of the nymphalid show much dissimilarities and inconsistencies across the five subfamilies. Hence, they serve as important characteristics in support of the classification ofthis group ofbutterflies. Wing configuration and colouration playa major role in relation to the butterfly behaviour, ecology and physiology.

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