Expression Analysis of uS19 and its Association with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Chee, Cassandra Sheau Mei (2020) Expression Analysis of uS19 and its Association with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).

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Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is currently the fourth most common cancer in Malaysia. Ribosomal protein genes are crucial in producing functional ribosomes that assist in cell functions and have shown to be associated in pathways that link to the formation of cancer. Previous studies have shown that uS19 gene is involved in the Mdm2-p53-MdmX pathway, where it inhibits the p53, a tumor suppressor. Furthermore, expression of ribosomal proteins have been studied to observe its expression levels, in which potential biomarkers could be discovered that assist in the early diagnosis of cancers. Notably, uS19 is currently understudied, though studies have been done on the expression of uS19 gene in NPC, where it was found to be upregulated in poorly differentiated NPC tissue samples and HK1 cell line. However, further validation is required. Studies on the post-translational effect of uS19 in NPC carcinogenesis are yet to be done. In this study, mRNA and protein expression of uS19 data obtained revealed a differential expression at both gene and protein levels in NPC cell lines compared to normal nasopharyngeal epithelial (NPE) cells. The gene expression of uS19 was found to be down-regulated following a trend of cell type and differentiation, while protein expression of uS19 was found to be upregulated in all NPC cell lines, with C666-1 cell line being the highest. The data attained showed that uS19 might be involved in the NPC tumorigenesis based on the difference in transcription and translational level. Protein-protein interaction via in silico approach revealed uS19 could possibly bind with 10 proteins, which includes LMP2 and EBNA1, a known Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) protein. Our findings strengthen the potential role of uS19 in NPC tumorigenesis based on the expression data obtained and calculated interactions through bioinformatics analysis that revealed a high possible chance of uS19 protein interacting with EBV proteins involved in the carcinogenesis of NPC.

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