Development of a defined tissue culture media for somac embryogenesis and plant regeneration of metroxylon Sago

Rathias, anak Daham (2006) Development of a defined tissue culture media for somac embryogenesis and plant regeneration of metroxylon Sago. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Metroxylon sagu a mono cot tree native to equatorial swamplands is fast becoming an important source of industrial starch. Sago palm can be grown from seeds but it is generally propagated by suckers. As sago palm cultivation is expanding on a plantation scale, it has become increasingly difficult to meet the demand for superior planting materials by conventional propagation. A more advance propagating technology has to be developed to produce the sago palm in a short period of time to fulfill the world demand on the sago starch industries. In this research, we are trying to find the best composition of media that able to induce the somatic embryogenesis for the plant regeneration of Metroxylon sagu. The surface of the young lamina explants were sterilized with 3g/1 fungicide for 112 hours, 50mg/l ampicillin for 112 hours, 70% ethanol for 2 minutes and 40% Clorox for 30 minutes. The first media formulation that being tested is MS media with BAP, NAA and 2,4-D combination. There were five different treatments of different concentration ratio being tested under light and dark condition. Out of the five treatments, some treatments which were treatment 1, 4 and 5 showed some positive results where by they able to maintain the explants for about 2-3 weeks. After that, the explants slowly tum brown, dried and died. The second formulation was the MS media with the combination of 2,4-D and 2-iP hormones, 2g/1 charcoal, 4g/l agar, 60mg/l sucrose at pH 5.5. There were seven treatments of different hormones ratios being tested. The experiment was also carried in both light and dark condition. The treatments that were being cultured in dark condition shows some positive results where by it can hold the explants remain axenic for 2 -3 weeks. The explants also look greener for treatment 2, 3, 4 and 6. After that, the cultures slowly tum brown, dried and die. The main factor of failure of this research was the combination of hormones concentration that being used for the media formulation maybe not suitable for sago lamina explants. More researches are needed to find the best media and hormones compositions to induce somatic embryogenesis for plant regeneration from the young sago leaves.

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