Introduction of callus and somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Wee Beng Huat., Simon (2007) Introduction of callus and somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Oil palm is the golden crop of MalnysitL Currently the oil palm industry is expanding. Large amount of true-ta-type and unifoml clonal material with superior trait are needed in order to establish oil palm plantation. Being a single stemmed monacot without vegetative propagation material for conventional method of propagation, the only solution is to develop tissue-cultured clonal plantlets. The present study was camed out to establish an in vitro culture of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. for the use in large scale propagation. An effective surface sterilization regime each for young fronds and seeds has been established. Young frond surface sterilized in 20% Clorox for 10 minutes and seeds 30% Clorox at pH 5.8 for 10 minutes resulted 100% axenic explants. For callus induction of cal1us on young frond explants, V2 MS media incorporated with 2,4-D (25, 50, 75 and 100 mglL) alone and 3mglL 2ip was used. NAA (25, 50, 75 and 100 mglL) alone and incorporated with 3 mgIL 2ip was also llsed for frond callus induction. AC OT PVP was added into the media to prevent browning. Callus was successfully induced from young frond explanls cultured on V; MS supplemented with 25 mglL of NAA. Zygotic embryos was cultured in Y3 media with I and 2 mglL of2,4-D for callus induction. Callus derived from zygotic embryo explants were then used in a liquid suspension for somatic embryogenesis.

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