A comparative evaluation on the oxidate approaches for extraction of humic acods from low-grade coals

Norrafidah, Binti Majri. (2006) A comparative evaluation on the oxidate approaches for extraction of humic acods from low-grade coals. [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Nowadays, the importance of humic acids as soil fertili zer is fundamental for agriculture cOllll11unity The ox idation approach with nitric acid was evidenced to increase the yield of humic acids extracted from low-rank coal. However, nitric acid is <1 very expensive item and therefore not cosH:fkctive especially in producing humic acids at large scale. In this study, hydrogen peroxide (H~O~) and alkaline potassium pcrmanganate (KMnO.1) were chosen as olher oxidizing age nts to rt'generate the humic acids from low rank coal. 'J he yields, chemical <lIld spectroscopical characteristics of the humic acids extracted were evaluated. The results showed that regenerated coal I 0% H~O~ produced an average of 86% humic acids, however, the severe loss weight of coal upon ox idation render this approach unfavourable. Oxidation with KMnO.1 conversely did not show any improvement in terms of the yield: hence it is not a favourable approach in prod ucing humic acids.

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