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[1] A. A. Aldarmahi, "The impact of problem Based Learning versus Conventional education on Students in the Aspect of Clinical Reasoning and problem Solving," Education in Medicine Journal, vol. 8, (2016). [2] L. C. Sern and K. M. Salleh, "Comparison of Example-Based Learning and Problem-Based Learning in Engineering Domain," Universal Journal of Educational Research, vol. 3, pp. 39-45, (2015). [3] A. M. Clyne and K. L. Billiar, "Problem-Based Learning in Biomechanics: Advantages, Challenges, and Implementation Strategies," Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, vol. 138, pp. 070804-070804-9, (2016). [4] S. S. Desai, B. S. Hungund, and S. D. Desai, "Assessment of Program Outcome by Open-Ended Experiment in Enzyme Technology Laboratory Course," New Delhi pp. 617-618, (2015). [5] Z. Haron, S. Mohammad, and A. R. Sam, "The Implementation of an Open-Ended Experiment in the Civil Engineering Laboratory," Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 102, pp. 548-559, (2013). [6] M. Hastie and J. Haelssig, "AN OPEN-ENDED DESIGN-BASED LAB EXERCISE FOR A FIRST THERMOFLUIDS COURSE," Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association, (2017). (1)
1. Agenda 21 – Projekt Kindergesundheit. Handbuch mit erfolgreichen Bewegungs-, Ernährungsund Mobilitätsbeispielen für Kindergärten und Schulen. Karlsruhe; 2005. (Physical activity sessions 1, 6, 7, 17) 2. Bappert S, Bork Ch, Chounard D, Dreher-Mansur S, Horn A. & Kromer R. Bewegung, Spiel und Sport im Vorschulalter – Erfahren und Begreifen durch Spielen und Sich-Bewegen. Weilheim/ Teck: Bräuer GmbH; 2004. (Physical activity sessions 2, 7, 9, 13-16, 18–22, 25, 26) 3. Blumenthal E. Bewegungsspiele für Vorschulkinder – Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsförderung der 3- bis 5-Jährigen. Band 70: Schriftenreihe zur Praxis der Leibeserziehung und des Sports. Schorndorf: Hofmann; 1973. (Physical activity sessions 4, 16, 24) 4. Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft für Haltungs- und Bewegungsförderung e. V. Bewegungshits für Vorschulkids. 3. Auflage. Wiesbaden: Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft für Haltungs- und Bewegungsförderung e. V.; 2005. (Physical activity sessions 3, 6, 8, 10, 14, 17, 21, 26). 5. Stein G. Spielgeschichten – wir reisen ins Bewegungsland. Aachen: Meyer & Meyer; 2004. (Physical activity sessions 4, 8, 11, 15) 6. Stiftung Kindergesundheit. Tiger Kids – Bewegungsspiele für den Kindergarten. Remagen: AOK Verlag GmbH; 2004. (Physical activity sessions 4, 24, 25) 7. Zimmer R. Sport und Spiel im Kindergarten. Aachen: Meyer & Meyer; 1992. (Physical activity sessions 5, 12, 13, 23) 8. Zimmer R. Toben macht schlau! Bewegung statt Verkopfung. Freiburg: Herder; 2004. (Physical activity sessions 5, 10, 18, 25) 9. Brustad RJ. Youth in sport: Psychological considerations. In Handbook of Research on Sport Psychology. LK Tennant, editor. New York: Macmillan; 1993. pp. 695-717. (1)
1. aid e.V. und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE). Das beste Essen für Kinder – Empfehlungen für die Ernährung von Kindern.Köln; 2009. 2. aid e.V. Die aid-Ernährungspyramide – Richtig essen lehren undlernen. 4. überarbeitete Auflage. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz,Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2009. 3. aid e.V. Der Pausenbrot-Check für Kita und Schule – damit alle Kinderclever frühstücke. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung,Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2009. 4. aid e.V. und DGE. Essen und Trinken in Tageseinrichtungen für Kinder.3. überarbeitete Auflage. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz,Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V. und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung(DGE)e.V.; 2008. 5. aid e.V. Esspedition Kindergarten – Ernährungserziehung für die Praxis.Stuttgart: Ministerium für Ernährung und Ländlichen Raum und aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2007. 6. aid e.V. Über Milchpiraten und Limokönige – Ernährungsund Bewegungskartei für den Übergang vom Kindergarten zur Grundschule.2. überarbeitete Auflage. Bonn; 2010. 7. Bayer O, Kries R. von, Strauss A, Mitschek C, Toschke A.M, Hose A, Koletzko B.V. Short- and mid-term effects of a setting based prevention program to reduce obesity risk factors in children: A cluster-randomized trial. Clinical Nutrition. 2009; 28: 122-128. 8. Benton D. Role of parents in the determination of the food preferences of children and the development of obesity. International journal of obesity. 2004; 28: 858-869. 9. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) - Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA). Scientific Opinion on establishing Food-Based Dietary Guidelines. EFSA Journal. 2010; 8(3):1460. 10. Eufic Review. Food Based Dietary Guidelines in Europe. Reference Paper of the European Food Information Council. [Internet] 2011 [cited: ] Available from: www.eufic.org. 11. Forschungsinstitut für Kinderernährung Dortmund, Institut an der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Empfehlungen für die Ernährung von Kindern und Jugendlichen – Die optimierte Mischkost optimiX®. (1)
1. Aid e.V. Und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE). Das beste Essen für Kinder – Empfehlungen für die Ernährung von Kindern. Köln; 2009. 2. Aid e.V. Die aid-Ernährungspyramide – Richtig essen lehren und lernen. 4. Überarbeitete Auflage. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2009. 3. Aid e.V. Der Pausenbrot-Check für Kita und Schule – damit alle Kinder clever frühstücken. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2009. 4. Aid e.V. Und DGE. Essen und Trinken in Tageseinrichtungen für Kinder. 3. Überarbeitete Auflage. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V. Und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE)e.V.; 2008. 5. Aid e.V. Esspedition Kindergarten – Ernährungserziehung für die Praxis. Stuttgart: Ministerium für Ernährung und Ländlichen Raum und aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2007. 6. Aid e.V. Clevere Durstlöscher – Getränke, Baustein zur Ernährungsbildung in der Grundschule. Bonn: aid infodienst Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung, Landwirtschaft e.V.; 2009. 7. Alexy U, Clausen K, Kersting M. Die Ernährung gesunder Kinder und Jugendlicher nach dem Konzept der Optimierten Mischkost. Ernährungs Umschau. Ausgabe 3/08; 2008. 8. Bayer O, Kries R. Von, Strauss A, Mitschek C, Toschke A.M, Hose A, Koletzko B.V. Short- and mid-term effects of a setting based prevention program to reduce obesity risk factors in children: A cluster-randomized trial. Clinical Nutrition. 2009; 28: 122-128. 9. Forschungsinstitut für Kinderernährung Dortmund. Empfehlungen für die Ernährung von Kindern und Jugendlichen – Die optimierte Mischkost optimix®. 5. Aktualisierte Auflage. Dortmund: Institut an der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; 2010. 10. German Nutrition Society (DGE). Reference values for nutrient intake. 1st edition in English. Frankfurt/Main: Umschau/Braus; 2002. 11. Heseker H, Heseker B. Die Nährwerttabelle. Neustadt an der Weinstraße: Neuer Umschau Buchverlag; 2010. 12. Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. The International Association for the Study of Obesity. Obesity reviews. 2004; 5, suppl. 1: 4-85. 13. Puder JJ, Marques-Vidal P, Schindler C, Zahner L, Niederer I, Bürgi F, Ebeneggern V, Nydegger A, Kriemler S. Effect of multidimensional lifestyle intervention on fitness and adiposity in predominantly migrant preschool children (Ballabeina): cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ; 2011; 343:d6195. 14. Scaglioni S, Salvioni M, Galimberti C. Influence of parental attitudes in the development of children eating behaviour. British Journal of Nutrition. 2008; 99, Suppl.1: 22-25. 15. Stiftung Kindergesundheit. Tigerkids Kindergarten aktiv Heft 3 – Praxis Teil 1 – Viele Ideen für den Kindergartenalltag, wie Sie den Kindern gesunde Ernährung näherbringen können. 5. Auflage. Remagen: AOK Verlag gmbh; 2010. 16. Stiftung Kindergesundheit. Tigerkids Kindergarten aktiv Heft 4 – Praxis Teil 2 – Viele Ideen für den Kindergartenalltag, wie Sie den Kindern gesunde Ernährung näherbringen können. 5. Auflage. Remagen: AOK Verlag gmbh; 2010. (1)
[1] Awang, S. (2004). Teras pendidikan bahasa Melayu: Asas pegangan guru [Core of Malay language education: Teachers’ foundation beliefs]. Betong: PTS Publications Sdn Bhd. [2] Bruck, M., & Waters, G. (1990). Effects of reading skill on component spelling skills. Applied Psycholinguistics, 11, 425-437 [3] Carreker, S. (2011). Teaching spelling. In J. R. Birsh (Ed.), Multisensory teaching of basic language skills (pp. 251-291). Baltimore, MD: Brookes. [4] Craig, S. A. (2006). The effects of an adapted interactive writing intervention on kindergarten children's phonological awareness, spelling, and early reading development: A contextualized approach to instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(4), 714-731. [5] Deno, S. L., Mirkin, P., & Marston, D. (1980). Relationships among simple measures of spelling and performance on standardized achievement tests (Vol. IRLD-RR-22). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, Institute for Research on Learning Disabilities. [6] Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2011). Preliminary count report, population and housing census, Malaysia (updated: 16/09/2018). Retrieved from https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=117&bul_id=Wk81WnBvbXdtQzdJRjdmM2hSNHM3Zz09&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09 (accessed 16/09/2018). [7] Ehri, L. C. (2015). How children learn to read words. In A. Pollatsek & R. Treiman (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of reading (pp. 293-310). New York: Oxford University Press. [8] Ehri, L.C. (2000). Learning to read and learning to spell: Two sides of a coin. Topics in Language Disorder, 20(3), 19-36. [9] Frith, U. (1980). Unexpected spelling problems. In U. Frith (Ed.), Cognitive processes in spelling (pp. 495-515). New York: Academic Press [10] Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., Hamlett, C. L., Walz, L., & Germann, G. (1993). Formative evaluation of academic progress: How much growth can we expect? School Psychology Review, 22, 27-48. [11] Gomez, C., & Reason, R. (2002). Cross-linguistic transfer of phonological skills: A Malaysian perspective. Dyslexia, 8(1), 22-33. [12] Goodman, K. S. (1967). Reading: A psycholinguistic guessing game. Journal of the Reading Specialist, 6(4), 126-135. [13] Gough, P. B. (1972). One second of reading. In J. F. Kavanagh and I. G. Mattingly (eds.), Language by ear and by eye (pp.331-358). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [14] Hamdan, H. A. R. (1988). Dasar pendeskripsian sistem fonologi bahasa Melayu [Basic description of Malay phonology]. In M. O. Farid (Ed.), Bunga rampai fonologi bahasa Melayu. PJ: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd. [15] Henry, M.K. (2003). Unlocking literacy: Effective decoding and spelling instruction. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co. [16] Hosp, M. K., Hosp, J. L., & Howell, K. W. (2007). The ABCs of CBM: A practical guide to curriculum-based measurement. New York: The Guilford Press. [17] Isahak, H. (1990). Mengajar membaca peringkat permulaan [Teaching beginning reading]. In O. Safiah (Ed.) Membaca: Satu Pengenalan, (pp. 46-58). Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing Sdn. Bhd. [18] Jones, S. (2009). The importance of spelling. Retrieved from http://www.spellingcity.com/importance-of-spelling.html (accessed 16/09/2018). [19] Lee, J. A. C., & Al Otaiba, S. (2017). End-of-Kindergarten spelling outcomes: How can spelling error analysis data inform beginning reading instruction? Reading &Writing Quarterly, 33(3), 226-238. [20] Lee, L. C., Liow, S. J. R., & Wee, M. L. O. (1998). Morphological structure of Malay: Using psycholinguistic analyses of rated familiarity. SEALS VIII, 109-119. [21] Lee, L. W. (2008). Development and validation of a reading-related assessment battery in Malay for the purpose of dyslexia assessment. Annals of Dyslexia, 58(1), 37-57. [22] McCardle, P., Chhabra, V., & Kapinus, B. (2008). Reading research in action: A teacher's guide for student success. Maryland, US: Paul H. Brookes Pub Co. [23] Mehta, P. D., Foorman, B. R., Branum-Martin, L., & Taylor, W. P. (2005). Literacy as a unidimensional multilevel construct: Validation, sources of influence, and implications in a longitudinal study in grades 1 to 4. Scientific Studies of Reading, 9(2), 85-116. [24] National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. Washington, DC: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. [25] Ritchey, K. D., Coker, D. L., & McCraw, S. B. (2010). A comparison of metrics for scoring beginning spelling. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 25, 78-88. [26] Smith, F. (1971). Understanding reading: A psycholinguistic analysis of reading and learning to read. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. [27] Snow, C. E., Griffin, P., and Burns, M. S. (Eds.) (2005). Knowledge to Support the Teaching of Reading: Preparing Teachers for a Changing Wold. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. [28] Tangel, D.M. & Blachman, B. A. (1992). Effect of phoneme awareness instruction on kindergarten children’s invented spelling. Journal of Reading Behavior, 24, 233- 261. [29] Treiman, R. (1993). Beginning to spell: A study of first-grade children. New York: Oxford University Press. [30] Treiman, R. (1998). Why spelling? The benefits of incorporating spelling into beginning reading instruction. In J.L. Metsala, & L. Ehri (Eds.), Word recognition in beginning literacy (pp.289-313). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. [31] Treiman, R. (2001). Reading. In M. Aronoff and J. Rees-Miller (Eds.), Blackwell Handbook of Linguistics (pp. 664-672). Oxford, England: Blackwell. [32] Treiman, R., Kessler, B., & Caravolas, M. (2018). What methods of scoring young children's spelling best predict later spelling performance?. Journal of Research in Reading, 00(00), 1-17. [33] Wright, J. (1992). Curriculum-based measurement: A manual for teachers. Syracuse City Schools. (1)
1. Bertrands, E., De Medts, C., & Descheppere, G. (2003). Kleuterstappen in beweging. Leuven: Acco. 2. Cardon, G., Geldhof, E., Cnockaert, B. & Janda, I. (2007). De kinderrugschool, een multifactorieel programma voor een rugvriendelijke levensstijl. Acco Leuven/ Voorburg. (p. 96-106) 3. De Medts, C., Coens, H. & van Damme, E. (2008). Hop pompom! Bewegingsontwikkeling voor kleuters. Uitgeverij Zwijsen.be, Antwerpen. 4. Dennison, A.D., Russo, T.J., Burdick, P.A. & Jenkins, P.L. (2004). An intervention to reduce television viewing by preschool children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 158: 170-176. 5. Florquin V. & Bertrands E. (1995). Speelkriebels voor kleuters. Acco Leuven/Den Haag. (p. 149, 153, 156, 158-159, 175, 177, 198, 244, 393) 6. Sherwood, N.A., Russo, T.J. & Dennison, B.A. (2004). Fit 5 Kids: Reduction of TV viewing (preschool curriculum). 7. Vlaams verbond katholiek basisonderwijs (1998). Bewegingsopvoeding in de basisschool: leerplan. CRKLKO. 8. Vlaams verbond katholiek basisonderwijs (2000). Ontwikkelingsplan voor de katholieke kleuterschool. CRKLKO. (1)
[1] Bonjar, GH Sahidi, and P. Rashid Farrokhi. "Anti-bacillus activity of some plants used in traditional medicine of Iran." Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine 8, no. 1 (2004): 34-39. [2] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vibrio cholerae Outbreak online Databases. Retrieved on December 2, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/index.html. [3] Choudhury, S., A. Sree, S. C. Mukherjee, P. Pattnaik, and M. Bapuji. "In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts of selected marine algae and mangroves against fish pathogens." Asian fisheries science 18, no. 3/4 (2005): 285. [4] Costerton, J. William, Philip S. Stewart, and E. Peter Greenberg. "Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections." Science 284, no. 5418 (1999): 1318-1322. [5] Dalsgaard, Anders, Anita Forslund, Andreas Petersen, Derek J. Brown, Francisco Dias, Serifo Monteiro, Kåre Mølbak, Peter Aaby, Amabelia Rodrigues, and Anita Sandström. "Class 1 integron-borne, multiple-antibiotic resistance encoded by a 150-kilobase conjugative plasmid in epidemic Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated in Guinea-Bissau." Journal of clinical microbiology 38, no. 10 (2000): 3774-3779. [6] Davey, Mary Ellen, and George A. O'toole. "Microbial biofilms: from ecology to molecular genetics." Microbiology and molecular biology reviews 64, no. 4 (2000): 847-867. [7] Donlan, R. M., W. O. Pipes, and T. L. Yohe. "Biofilm formation on cast iron substrata in water distribution systems." Water Research 28, no. 6 (1994): 1497-1503. [8] Elexson, N., R. Son, Y. Rukayadi, T. T. Zainazor, M. Nor Ainy, Y. Nakaguchi, and N. Mitsuaki. "Biosafety of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus biofilm from seafood using herbs and spices." Journal of Life Medicine 1, no. 3 (2013): 71-82. [9] Finkelstein, R. A. Cholera, Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, and other pathogenic vibrios (2002). Medical Microbiology (4th ed). University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Guarrera, P. M. 2005. Traditional phytotherapy in central Italy. Fitoterapia, 76, 1–25. [10] Guarrera P. M. Traditional phytotherapy in Central Italy (Marche, Abruzzo, and Latium)(2005). Fitoterapia , pp.1- 25. [11] Inamdar, Nazma, Shima Edalat, Vikram B. Kotwal, and Sunita Pawar. "Herbal drugs in milieu of modern drugs." International Journal of Green Pharmacy (IJGP) 2, no. 1 (2008). [12] Jeremy Veno. Cholera outbreak in Limbang under control (2016). Borneo Post . March 16, [13] Kiuchi, Fumiyuki, NORIO NAKAMURA, YOSHISUKE TSUDA, Kaoru Kondo, and Hiroyuki Yoshimura. "Studies on crude drugs effective on visceral larva migrans. II.: Larvicidal principles in Kaempferiae rhizoma." Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin 36, no. 1 (1988): 412-415. [14] Larsen, Kai, Halijah Ibrahim, S. H. Khaw, and L. G. Saw. Gingers of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo), 1999. [15] Mandal, Shyamapada, Manisha DebMandal, Nishith Kumar Pal, and Krishnendu Saha. "Synergistic antiStaphylococcus aureus activity of amoxicillin in combination with Emblica officinalis and Nymphae odorata extracts." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 3, no. 9 (2010): 711-714. [16] Patel, Robin. "Biofilms and antimicrobial resistance." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 437 (2005): 41- 47. [17] Seeley, H. W., Vandemark, P. J., & Lee, J. J. . Microbes in action: A laboratory manual of microbiology (4th ed) (2001). New York, NY: W.H. Freeman and Company. [18] Sunayana, V., P. Vadivukkarasi, A. Rajendran, T. Francis Xavier, and E. Natarajan. "Antibacterial potential of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng." A study in vitro. J Swamy Bot Club 20 (2003): 55-58. [19] Watnick, Paula I., Crystal M. Lauriano, Karl E. Klose, Laura Croal, and Roberto Kolter. "The absence of a flagellum leads to altered colony morphology, biofilm development and virulence in Vibrio cholerae O139." Molecular microbiology 39, no. 2 (2001): 223-235. [20] World Health Organization. "The Legal Status of Traditional and Complementary/Alternative Medicine: a Worldwide Review." Geneva, WHO-Verlag (2001). (1)
[1]Bradford MA,Pi Y-L.Elastic flexural–torsional buckling of discretely restrained arches.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE 2002;128(6):719–27. [2]Chen WF, Lui EM.Stability design of steel frames.Boca Raton, FL:CRC Press;1991 [3]Trahair NS,Bradford MA,Nethercot DA,Gardner L.The behaviour and design of steel structures to EC3.4th ed.London:Taylor and Francis;2008. [4]Chan BH.Non-linear analysis of steel frames under non-proportional and fire loadings. Ph.D. thesis. Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University;2002. [5]Iu CK, Chan SL. A simulation-based large deflection and inelastic analysis of steel frames under fire. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2004;60:1495–524. [6]Heidarpour A, Bradford MA. Generic non-linear modelling of a bi-material composite beam with partial shear interaction. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 2009;44:290–7. [7]Song L,Izzuddin BA,Elnashai AS,Dowling PJ.An integrated adaptive environment for fire and explosion analysis of steel frames—PartI:Analytical models.Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2000;53:63–85. [8]Izzuddin BA,Song L,Elnashai AS,Dowling PJ.An integrated adaptive environment for fire and explosion analysis of steel frames—Part II: Verification and application. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2000;53:87–111. [9]Wood RD, Zienkiewicz OC. Geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis of beams,frames,arches and axisymmetric shells. Computers and Structures 1976;7:725–35. [10]Noor AM,Greene WH,Hartley SJ.Nonlinear finite element analysis of curved beams. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 1976;12:289–307. [11]Noor AK,Peters JM. Mixed models and reduced/selective integration displace-ment models for nonlinear analysis of curved beams. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 1981;17:615–31. [12]Stolarski H, Belytschko T. Membrane locking and reduced integration for curved elements. Journal of Applied Mechanics 1982;49:172–6. [13]Pi Y-L,Bradford MA,Uy B.A rational elasto-plastic spatially curved thin-walled beam element. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 2007;70:253–90.[14]Calhoun PR, DaDeppo DA. Nonlinear finite element analysis of clamped arches.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE 1983;109:599–612. [15]Elias ZM,Chen KL.Nonlinear shallow curved-beam finite element.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE 1988;114:1076–87. [16]Wen RK, Suhendro B. Nonlinear curved-beam element for arch structures.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE 1991;117:599–612. [17]Bradford MA, Uy B, Pi Y-L. In-plane elastic stability of arches under a central concentrated load.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE 2002;128:710–9. [18]Pi Y-L,Bradford MA,Uy B.In-plane stability of arches. International Journal of Solids and Structures 2002;39:105–25. [19]Bradford MA. In-plane nonlinear behaviour of circular pinned arches with elastic restraints under thermal loading. International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 2006;6:163–77. [20]Bradford MA. Buckling of circular steel arches subjected to fire loading. Welding in the World 2006;50:394–9. [21]Bradford MA. Long span shallow steel arches subjected to fire loading. In:International symposium on innovations in structural steel;2008. [22]Moon J, Yoon K-Y, Lee T-H, Lee H-E. In-plane elastic buckling of pin-ended shallow parabolic arches.Engineering Structures 2007;29:2611–7. [23]Dimopoulos CA, Gantes CJ. Nonlinear in-plane behaviour of circular steel arches with hollow circular cross-section. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 2008;64:1436–45. [24] ADINA system 8.3. Release notes. Watertown,MA: ADINA R&D Inc.;2005. [25]ABAQUS. User’s manual—Version6.1.1. Pawtucket,RI: Abaqus Inc.;2006. [26]ECCS—T3. European recommendations for the fire safety of steel structures.Amsterdam:Elsevier;1983. [27]British Standards Institution. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures: Part 1.2 general rules—Structural fire design.London: BSI;2005. [28]Lie TT. Structural fire protection.New York: ASCE;1992.[29]Standards Australia. AS4100 Steel Structures.1998.[30]Heidarpour A,Bradford MA.Generic non-linear modelling of restrained steel beams at elevated temperatures. Engineering structures[Published online 17 July 2009]. [31]Heidarpour A,Bradford MA.Non-discretisation formulation for the non-linear analysis of semi-rigid steel frames at elevated temperatures. Computers and Structures[inpress].[32]Waterloo maple software.Waterloo,ON: Maplesoft;2008.[33]Broken hill proprietary limited.Hot rolled products.Melbourne: BHP;1998. [34]Pi Y-L,Bradford MA.Thermo elastic lateral-torsional buckling of fixed slender beams under linear moment gradient. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 2008;50(7):1183–93. (1)
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