Blood Group Dynamics: Investigating the Link Between ABO/Rh Blood Groups and Metabolic Health Among the University Students

Madzlifah, Ahadon and Victoria, Chu and Kamaleswaran, Rajan and Kamalia Aqilah, Khairul Anwar and Petricia, Charle and Arlizan Bazura, Ariffin and Norashikin, Samsudin (2025) Blood Group Dynamics: Investigating the Link Between ABO/Rh Blood Groups and Metabolic Health Among the University Students. In: International Conference of pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2025, 21-23 Julai 2025., Shangri-La, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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Abstract

Introduction: The ABO system is present on the surface of red blood cells as well as in various human tissues, including platelets, epithelium, sensory neurons, and vascular endothelium. Increasing evidence suggests a link between the ABO blood group and the emergence of several disorders, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Materials & Methods: A total of 104 medical undergraduates participated in this cross-sectional study from January to June 2024. Sociodemographic data and relevant family history were obtained from each student. Clinical parameters such as the ABO blood group, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting total cholesterol, and triglyceride of each student were measured and recorded. These data were then analysed using the IBM SPSS (version 27.0). Results: Blood group B was observed to be the most prevalent (n=36), followed by O (n=34), A (n=24), and AB (n=10), with a significant majority (n=102) being Rhesus positive. A statistically significant association between the specific ABO blood group and the different BMI classes was observed (p=0.02). However, no statistically significant associations were observed between O and non-O blood groups with the fasting blood glucose, fasting lipid and the different BMI classes (p>0.05). Discussion: The findings of this study indicate a possible connection between a person's blood type and their BMI. Additional studies involving a larger sample size are required to explore this further and validate any potential genetic influences on health.

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