Deiksis sosial dalam novel Bara Yang Menyala karya Jaya Ramba (2008)

Nur Afiqah Athirah, Ali (2024) Deiksis sosial dalam novel Bara Yang Menyala karya Jaya Ramba (2008). [Final Year Project Report / IMRAD] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

This study aims to analyse the forms and frequency of social deixis usage in the dialogues of the novel Bara Yang Menyala (2008) by Jaya Ramba. The research was conducted based on two main objectives: to identify the forms of social deixis and to examine the frequency of their usage in the novel’s dialogues. This study adopts a qualitative approach and employs textual analysis based on the social deixis framework proposed by Huang (2014). The findings reveal two main types of social deixis: absolute social deixis and relative social deixis. Absolute social deixis refers to formal honorifics such as “Datuk” and “Tuan,” while relative social deixis involves terms of address that depend on social relationships between speakers, such as “ayah” (father), “abang” (older brother), “aku” (I), and “awak” (you). Relative social deixis is further divided into four subcategories: addressee honorifics, referent honorifics, bystander honorifics, and speaker’s social axis. Relative social deixis was found to be the most dominant, with 772 occurrences compared to 84 for absolute social deixis. The subcategory with the highest frequency was the speaker’s social axis (388 occurrences). These findings indicate that social deixis plays a significant role in reflecting relationships, social identity, and hierarchy among characters in narrative discourse. The results also align with previous studies that highlight the dominance of relative social deixis across various literary media.

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