Emerging Trends in Chromatographic-Chemometric Methods for Ensuring Food Safety : Focus on Biogenic Amines and Derivatization Approaches

Nurul Fatihah, Masdar and Muhammad Abdurrahman, Munir (2025) Emerging Trends in Chromatographic-Chemometric Methods for Ensuring Food Safety : Focus on Biogenic Amines and Derivatization Approaches. Separation Science Plus, 8 (9). pp. 1-15. ISSN 2573-1815

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Abstract

Guaranteeing the safety and quality of food is essential for fostering good health and well-being, as highlighted in Sustainable Development Goal 3 of the United Nations. The presence of biogenic amines (BAs) in protein-rich food has become a public concern due to their potential to cause adverse physiological effects, such as histamine poisoning and hypertensive crises. Chromatographic techniques, particularly HPLC, GC, and thin layer chromatography (TLC), are recognized for their analytical accuracy, as well as the use of derivatizing reagents in the determination of BAs. However, consistently implementing these techniques encounters obstacles, including significant derivatization demands and excessive method repetition to achieve optimum and sustainable results. Despite numerous studies aimed at addressing these technical challenges, a notable gap remains in successfully integrating chemometric methods with chromatographic workflows. This review aims to compile and present recent advancements in the synergistic application of chromatographic and chemometric techniques for the detection of both derivatized and non-derivatized BAs. Focus is placed on derivatization strategies, developments in sample preparation, and the utilization of chemometric methods for data interpretation and reducing resource consumption. The result of this compilation has the potential to enhance method optimization and facilitate a more insightful understanding of complex datasets. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that chromatographic-chemometric methods be employed for BAs detection, particularly for food safety purposes. This work is significant as a valid identification and quantification of BAs using these integrated techniques to support the compliance of food safety regulations and reduce health hazards associated with BAs exposure.

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