Morphological analysis and geograpgical distribution of alexandrium (Dinophyceae)

Wan Nur Izzati, Wan Mohamad (2014) Morphological analysis and geograpgical distribution of alexandrium (Dinophyceae). [Final Year Project Report] (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Harmful algae are a group of algae that are harmful to organisms surrounded by these algae, sometimes it cause harmful effect to human in directly through the food web. This type of algae causes blooms when they proliferate in a large number of cells; a phenomenon commonly known as harmful algal bloom (HAB). Several species found in the genus of Alexandr ium are toxic. They produce biotoxins collectively called, saxitoxin (STX), which cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in human. Species in the genus are found in the coastline countries. The genus possesses high taxonomic confusion, with cryptic or pseudo-cryptic species diversity present. This can be complicated when the toxic and non-toxic species are morphological resembling. As such, the aim of this study is to provide data on morphological and distribution for the species of Alexandrium as a way of awareness and precaution for certain countries related. The methods involved were sample collection from Kuching waters, followed by single-cell isolation to establish clonal cultures of Alexandrium. Morphological analysis started with data collection by using any online journal publication available, followed by the identification of species via microscope. Then, the analysis continues with the coding of character state, matrix construction by using Nexus Editor and finally construction of a cladogram via PAUP. For compilation of the global distribution data; the data were collected and analysed from online journal publication available and also decided the exact location. The location needs to be more specific and therefore, OPS location is the best solution. It is more efficient with the use of Google Earth. Finally, the OPS location was tabulated in the table for observation and references on the distribution for Alexandrium. Both data provided useful information for the country harmful algae monitoring program, especially for the species of Alexandr ium and save the time for researcher to know each of the species distributed.

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