Synthesis of Kojic Acid Derivatives and their Applications

Sie, Carolynne Zie Wei (2017) Synthesis of Kojic Acid Derivatives and their Applications. PhD thesis, UNIMAS.

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Abstract

The development of potential value-added product derived from agriculture waste has become an attractive study among researchers. In this research, kojic acid 1 was successfully obtained via fermentation of sago waste as support-substrates, followed by series of chemical modification destined for biological and electrical applications. For biological application, a series of novel kojic acid-chalcone derivatives 40a-c has been successfully synthesized from the reaction of 1 prepared from sago waste with carboxyl chalcone 39a-c via Steglich esterification. Carboxyl chalcone 39a-c, which was prior prepared via Claisen Schmidt Condensation, showed active inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus with 39c gave the best inhibition of 8 mm. The incorporation of 1 into 39a-c, 40a-c gave a reverse antibacterial trend where 40a exhibited excellent zone of inhibition (8 mm) compared to ampicillin (11 mm). Novel kojic acid–azobenzene ester derivatives 49a-e bearing different vinyl chain lengths were also successfully synthesized via kojyl chloride 51 with azobenzene molecules.

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